Úvod
Při pěstování rajčat může být náročné najít správnou rovnováhu mezi tím, že jim poskytnete dostatek slunečního světla, a zabráníte tomu, aby jim bylo příliš slunce.
Tomatoes need intense light for healthy photosynthesis — but excessive sun exposure can scorch or blister the fruit, ruining its flavor, marketability, and appearance.
Proper shading is one of the most effective ways to protect tomatoes during hot seasons while ensuring strong yields.
Takže, what is the best shade rate for tomatoes？
Ideal Shade Percentage for Tomatoes (30–50%)
???? Video reference:
Odpověď zní: the most suitable shade percentage for tomatoes is 30% to 50%.
This shading range offers the ideal balance between sun protection and sufficient photosynthesis, especially during the hottest months.
Choosing the appropriate shade cloth percentage for tomatoes is one of the most effective ways to reduce sunscald, heat stress, and fruit cracking while still allowing plants to thrive.
Supporting Research and Scientific Findings
• Gent’s Shading Study
Studie od Pán showed that tomato total yield decreased with increasing shade levels (15%, 30%, 50%), but marketable yield was unaffected. Interestingly, plants under 50% shade produced the highest proportion of marketable fruit.
Cracked fruit showed the most tremendous improvement under shade.
In greenhouses without shading, up to 35% of tomatoes had cracked skin, while greenhouses using 50% stínící tkanina reduced cracks to 25-29%.
• Liu’s Research
Další studie od Liu found that tomatoes grown with 40% shade during midday summer experienced better growth and higher yields.
• Texas Study
Research from Texas further confirmed that 50% shade can significantly reduce heat stress, especially in regions with extreme summer temperatures.
Final Conclusion from All Studies:
???? A shading rate of 30–50% provides the best overall benefits for tomatoes, especially when temperatures exceed 30°C (85°F).
V předchozí části jsme odpověděli na otázku o správné míře zastínění rajčat.
V následujícím článku
probereme problém zastínění při pěstování rajčat několika způsoby.
When to Shade Tomatoes?
Identifying the Right Timing for Effective Tomato Shading
Zastínění rajčat je nezbytné v období extrémního horka nebo intenzivního slunečního záření.
Heat stress not only reduces fruit quality but can also stop flowering and fruit set entirely.
Best Timing for Shade Cloth
Zastínění rajčat je nezbytné v období extrémního horka nebo intenzivního slunečního záření.
The best time to apply shade is when daytime temperatures exceed 85°F (29°C), especially during summer. This prevents heat stress, sunscald, wilting, and fruit cracking.
Shade cloth should be applied brzy ráno before temperatures rise, and removed once sunlight weakens in the late afternoon.
This helps maintain a stable microclimate throughout the day.
Shading is significant during fruit-setting and ripening stages, when temperature extremes can interfere with fruit development.
📌 Research insight:
According to research, shading that reduces daily solar radiation to 5–6 MJ/m² significantly increases marketable yields when temperatures exceed 25 ° C.
What Color Shade Cloth Is Best for Tomatoes?
The color of the shade cloth significantly impacts the microclimate and tomato performance.
Different colors modify the light quality, heat absorption, and fruit characteristics.
Tkanina černého odstínu
Ideal for cooler climates or early/late season.
- Absorbs heat → increases warmth
- Helps stabilize temperature in cool conditions
- May increase heat stress in hot climates
- Helps early and late-season production
Pearl White & Red Shade Cloth
Best for preventing sunscald and cracking.
Ukázala to studie v Srbsku 40% pearl white and 40% red shade cloth:
- Reduced tomato cracking by 50%,
- Eliminated sunscald,
- Increased marketable production by 35%.
Hadřík s červeným odstínem also influences spectral quality, stimulating photosynthesis and increasing lycopene content (64.9 μg/g vs 48.1 μg/g in unshaded tomatoes).
Green Shade Cloth
Common in greenhouses; promotes uniform plant health.
📌 Závěr:
For most growers, 40% pearl white or 40% red shade cloth provides the best combination of protection and quality improvement.
👉 Zjistěte více o tom, jak shade net color affects microclimate.
Why Do Tomato Skins Split?
Understanding Causes & How Shade Cloth Helps
Tomato skins split for several reasons, typically due to moisture imbalance, temperature fluctuations, a variety sensitivity.
Běžné příčiny
- Excessive Watering: Fruit expands faster than the skin can stretch.
- Kolísání teploty: Hot days + cool nights → uneven growth.
- Tomato Variety: Some types naturally split more easily.
- Nerovnováha živin: Calcium deficiency weakens the fruit skin.
Consistent watering, proper climate management, and good ventilation help prevent cracking.
Použití stínící hadřík může také pomoci regulovat teplotu a vlhkost, čímž snižuje pravděpodobnost praskání.
Can Tomatoes Grow Successfully Under Shade Cloth?
Yes — and in many cases, they grow better under shade cloth.
Shade cloth creates a cooler, more stable microclimate, which reduces heat stress and sunscald.
Benefits of Using Shade Cloth for Tomatoes:
- Regulace teploty: Zabraňuje přehřátí
- Sluneční ochrana: Reduces sunscald & cracking
- Higher Yield in Hot Regions: Lower heat stress = better fruit set
- Optimal Growth in Hot Regions: Especially in areas where summer temps exceed 32°C.
Most growers report better yields, fewer defects, and stronger plant health under 30–50% shade.
Black vs White Shade Cloth for Tomato: Which Is Better?
Black vs White Shade Cloth — Which Should You Choose?
Bílý odstín hadřík
White shade cloth is generally more effective than black at protecting tomato plants, especially in hot summer climates.
- Reflects sunlight → cooler microclimate
- Reduces heat load
- Diffuses light more evenly
- Prevents sunscald & overheating
Tkanina černého odstínu
Best for cooler regions.
- Absorbs heat → increases warmth
- May increase temperature excessively in hot climates
Závěr:
White shade cloth (with about 35% shading) is the superior option for most tomato growers. It offers better protection against summer heat, reduces the risk of heat stress, and creates a more favorable environment for healthy tomato growth.
Rozsáhlá praxe to ukázala Síťovina 35% bílého odstínu or 35% látka s červeným odstínem je optimální pro pěstování rajčat.
Extended Insights: White vs Black Shade Cloth for Tomatoes
How Temperature Differs Under White vs Black Shade Cloth
Multiple studies show a significant temperature difference:
- White shade cloth: reduces canopy temperature by 3-7 ° C
- Black shade cloth: reduces temperature by 1-4 ° C
This difference is critical for tomatoes because fruit cracking and sunscald increase sharply when fruit surface temperature exceeds 32-35 ° C
Impact on Photosynthesis and Light Spectrum
- Bílé sítě → increase rozptýlené světlo
Diffused light penetrates deeper into the canopy → improves internal photosynthesis efficiency. - Černé sítě → lower light penetration
Better in moderate climates but may reduce fruit size if used excessively.
Vliv na kvalitu ovoce
| Problém | No Shade | Černá síť | Bílá síť |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opaření sluncem | 🔥 Vysoká | Střední | Nízké |
| Praskání | Vysoký | Střední | Nejnižší |
| Lycopene Production | Nízké | Střední | High (with red nets highest) |
| Tepelný stres | Vysoký | Střední | Nejnižší |
Regional Recommendations
| Kraj | Best Shade Cloth | Důvod |
|---|---|---|
| Hot tropical climates | White 35–40% | Cooling & diffuse light |
| Středomoří | Red / Pearl 40% | Improved quality & color |
| Mírné podnebí | Černá 30% | Zachování tepla |
| High greenhouses | Green 30–35% | Stabilní mikroklima |
Bílá stínová tkanina je obecně účinnější než černý při ochraně rostlin rajčat, zejména v horký
FAQ – Tomato Shade Cloth Quick Answers
Does shade cloth reduce tomato yield?
Moderate shade (30–50%) does not reduce marketable tomato yield.
Research shows that although total yield may slightly decrease under shade, marketable yield improves because shade reduces cracked fruit, sunscald, and heat stress—leading to higher-quality tomatoes.
What temperature is too hot for tomato plants?
Tomatoes begin to experience heat stress at nad 85 ° C (29 ° F).
At více než 95 ° F (35 ° C), pollen viability drops sharply, causing blossom drop.
Shade cloth helps lower leaf temperature, allowing plants to keep producing even during heat waves.
Is 50% shade too much for tomatoes?
For most climates, 50% is the upper safe limit.
Research shows 40–50% shade:
- reduces cracking
- protects fruit skin
- improves marketable yield
But if you are in cloudy weather or at higher latitudes (such as Northern Europe or Canada), then 30-40% is more appropriate.
What color shade cloth increases tomato yield?
Studie ukazují hadřík s červeným odstínem can enhance light spectrum quality, improving:
- fotosyntéza
- barva ovoce
- lycopene content
- prodejný výnos
White is better for cooling.
Red is better for fruit quality + yield.
Does shade cloth prevent blossom drop?
Ano.
Blossom drop is mainly caused by tepelný stres.
Using 30–50% shade cloth lowers canopy temperature and keeps flowers fertile, reducing the chance of bloom abortion.
Is white shade cloth cooler than black?
Ano.
Bílá stínová tkanina odráží sunlight → cooler microclimate.
Hadřík černého stínu absorbuje sunlight → warmer microclimate.
In high-temperature areas during summer, white can lower the temperature by 2–5°C compared to black.
Is red shade cloth good for tomatoes?
Yes, especially for greenhouse tomatoes.
Red shade cloth adjusts the light spectrum, helping improve:
- účinnost fotosyntézy
- barva ovoce
- lycopene level
- prodejný výnos
Multiple experiments show that red shade nets can increase tomato nutritional content by 20–35%.
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